\u00centr\u0103 secolile 8-6 \u00ee.e.n. si fea\u0163e fenomenulu pi care istori\u0163\u00e2l\u2019i a li antichitate lu denumir\u00e2 dreptu marea colonizare greac\u0103. Di-tru chentrile civiliza\u0163ionale a li veacl\u2019e Elad\u0103, coloni\u015ftil\u2019i si-au \u00eendriptat\u00e2 tru toate punctile cardinale \u015fi au fondat\u0103 a\u015fedz\u0103ri urbane aflate tru lig\u00e2turi comerciale, politi\u0163e \u015fi culturale cu \u0163it\u0103\u0163eile di orighine. Tru Amarea Neagr\u0103, gre\u0163\u00e2l\u2019i anti\u0163 au fondat\u0103 a\u015fedz\u0103ri pi toate mealurile. Pia \u0163el di vest, pi actualul teritoriu a li Rom\u00e2nie, ap\u0103rur\u0103 Histria, Tomis, fondate di coloni\u015ftil\u2019i di Milet, situat pi mealul estic a li Amare Ionic\u0103, \u015fi Callatis, fondat di locuitoril\u2019i di Heraclea Pontica, c\u00e2s\u00e2b\u0103 pi mealul sudic a li Amare Neagr\u0103e, la 100 kilometri estu di str\u00e2mtoarea Bosfor.<\/p>\n
\n
<\/p>\n
Speciali\u015ftil\u2019i \u015fi arheologhil\u2019i consider\u0103 \u0163itatea Callatis dreptu \u0163el ma importantul chentru cultural tru antichitate \u00een Dobrogea di ast\u0103ndz\u00e2. Nu eara ma\u015fi un dezvoltat chentru economic, exista \u015fi portul Callatis, iu si f\u0103\u0163e al\u00e2ximintile di pr\u00e2m\u00e2tii. Callatisulu fu \u00eentimil\u2019iat di coloni\u015ftil\u2019i gre\u0163 vini\u0163 di-tru Heracleea Pontica, pi loculu a unei a\u015fedzare ghetic\u0103 \u0163i apare tru sursile istori\u0163e sum numa di Acervetis sau Cerbates. Locuitoril\u2019i a l\u2019ei eara gheto-da\u0163\u00e2l\u2019i di Dobrogea \u015fi gre\u0163\u00e2l\u2019i care au vinit\u0103 \u015fi \u00eentimel\u2019iat\u0103 \u0163itatea. Ast\u0103ndz\u0103, pi loculu iu eara un\u00e2oar\u00e2 Callatisulu, exist\u00e2 c\u00e2s\u00e2b\u0103lu Mangalia, cu un\u00e2 popula\u0163ie di aproximativ 33.000 di locuitori.<\/p>\n
\n
<\/p>\n
Sorin Marcel Colesniuc, \u015fefulu a Muzeului Callatis di-tru Complexulu Cultural Callatis, n\u00e2 spuse care suntu principalile toar\u00e2 a li \u0163i tate veacl\u2019e care au agiumt\u00e2 p\u00e2n\u0103 la noi, toar\u00e2 care n\u00e2 da ndreptul s\u0103 pistipsim c\u0103 la Callatis exista un\u00e2 ban\u00e2 cultural\u0103 important\u0103.<\/p>\n
\n
<\/p>\n
\u201dAvem prota oar\u00e2 inscrip\u0163iile pi care noi li descoperim la Mangalia, avem reprezent\u0103rile a unor profesori pi unile monumente funerare. \u00cel\u2019i avem pi scriitoril\u2019i anti\u0163 di-tru veacl\u2019ea \u0163itate Callatis, printr\u0103 care Istros di Callatis, Demetrios di Callatis, Heracleides numit \u015fi Lembos \u015fi retorulu Thales. La Mangalia fu descoperit singurulu papirus antic di pi teritoriul a Rom\u00e2niil\u2019ei. Fu descoperit tru anulu 1959 \u015fi di aform\u2019ia c\u0103 \u00een Rom\u00e2nia nu exista condi\u0163ii tr\u00e2 conservare, fu pitricu la Moscova. Fu considerat chirut di c\u0103tr\u0103 to\u0163 oamin\u2019l\u2019i di \u015ftiin\u0163\u0103 din Rom\u00e2nia chiro di giumitate di secol. Deadun cu doctorulu Ion P\u00e2slaru, colegulu a meu, eo am c\u0103ftat\u0103 aestu papirus \u015fi reu\u015fim, dup\u0103 2 an\u2019i di c\u0103ft\u0103ri, s\u0103-l afl\u0103m tru anulu 2011 la Chentrul di Restaurare \u015fi Conservare di Moscova. Mi du\u015f ninca di a\u0163el an \u015fi adu\u015f n\u00e2poi a\u0163ist papirus, unic \u00een Romn\u00e2nia. Nu putem s\u00e2 \u015ftim cu exactitate \u0163i con\u0163\u00e2ne textul di aform\u2019ia c\u0103 papirusulu, \u00een contact cu aerulu \u015fi soarile, atum\u0163ea c\u00e2ndu fu descoperit, si dezintegr\u0103. Exista pericolul s\u0103 hib\u00e2 chirut definitiv, tihea a noastr\u0103 fu c\u0103 agiumse la Moscova \u015fi putu s-hib\u00e2 conservat. \u00cen prezent, suntu 154 di fragmente, \u015fi pi cum\u0103ticile di fragmente \u0163iva ma m\u0103ri pot s\u00e2 si observ\u0103 litire scrise \u00een greaca veacl\u2019e. Nu avem ni\u0163iun zbor \u00eentreg, c\u0103 ma\u015fi Indau\u00e2 litire disparate. Papirusulu dateadz\u0103 di-tru secolul 4 \u00ee.e.n.\u201d<\/p>\n
\n
<\/p>\n
Lu \u00eentrib\u0103m pi Sorin Marcel Colesniuc \u0163i poate s\u00e2 si vead\u00e2 tru Muzeulu Callatis.<\/p>\n
\n
<\/p>\n
\u201d\u00cen muzeu pot s-hib\u00e2 vidzute multe piese arhitectonice, \u00eentr\u0103 aestea hiinda coloane, capiteluri, arhitrave, frize cu metope, corni\u015fe cu bucranii, diverse vase cherami\u0163e, mai importante hiinda amforile. Mai avem opai\u0163e (lambe m\u2019i\u0163), apeducte, statuete di tip Tanagra, vase di gh\u2019ialie, stele funerare, inscrip\u0163ii, reprezent\u0103ri a divinit\u0103\u0163\u00e2lor, stolilzme, bijuterii, monede, obiecte di metal \u015fi alte. Dininea a muzeului, \u0163el\u2019i interesa\u0163\u00e2l\u2019i pot s\u00e2 vead\u0103 multe fragmente arhitectoni\u0163e. Exist\u0103 \u015fi un parcu arheologhic \u015fi pot s\u00e2 men\u0163ionedzu \u015fi siturile din zona a li Mangalie. Easte zborulu di murulu di nordu a li \u0163itate Callatis care poate s-hib\u00e2 vidzut, cornul di nord-vestu a \u0163itatil\u2019ei, descoperit \u015fi cercetat. Easte \u015fi mormintul princiar aflat la 3 kilometri di Mangalia, pi calea c\u0103tr\u0103 Albe\u015fti.\u201d<\/p>\n
\n
<\/p>\n
Un indiciu importantu a ban\u00e2l\u2019ei economic\u0103 a li colonie Callatis easte portul antic. Ama el easte tora sum nivelul a amaril\u2019ei. Sorin Marcel Colesniuc dz\u00e2\u0163e:<\/p>\n
\n
<\/p>\n
\u201dPortul Callatis fu construit \u00een secolul 4 \u00ee.e.n. Cu p\u00e2reare di ar\u0103u, marea crescu cu v\u00e2r\u00e2 2 metri tru ultimil\u2019i 2000 di an\u2019i \u015fi portul \u015fi amenaj\u0103rile portuare si afl\u0103 tora sum apa a li Amare Laie. Pri-tru an\u2019il\u2019i \u201960-\u201970, Constantin Scarlat fea\u0163e scufund\u0103ri la Callatis \u015fi desen\u0103 un\u0103 hart\u0103 a portului antic. El descoperi multe fragmente arhitectoni\u0163e, foarte mult\u0103 cheramic\u0103, \u00een special \u0163igle \u015fi amfore, \u015fi avem un\u0103 hart\u0103 pi care el u public\u0103 tru anulu 1973 \u00eentr-un\u0103 revist\u0103 \u015ftiin\u0163ific\u0103 di la Cluj. Pi harta di care zburam fur\u00e2t tricute \u015fi ndau\u00e2 epave. Noi avem colaborat ninca \u015fi cu firme di Italia \u015fi Ungaria care venir\u00e2 \u015fi au scanat\u0103 fundul a li Amare Neagr\u0103 \u00een zona a c\u00e2s\u00e2b\u0103lui Mangalia \u015fi pi a\u0163iste scannere ap\u0103rur\u0103 epave a cor\u0103v\u2019iilor anti\u0163e.\u201d<\/p>\n
\n
<\/p>\n
Callatisul decade p\u00e2n\u0103 di catandisea di ruin\u0103, aesta hiinda explicat\u0103 di Sorin Marcel Colesniuc pri-tru invazia a migratorilor.<\/p>\n
\n
<\/p>\n
\u201dPri-tru secolul 2 e.n. \u00een reghiune apar populile migratoare. Primil\u2019i suntu costobo\u0163\u00e2l\u2019i, apoia go\u0163il\u2019i, carpil\u2019i, hunil\u2019i v\u2019in pri-tru secolul 5. La bitisita a secolului 6 \u015fi arhiusita a secolului 7 apar avaril\u2019i \u015fi slavil\u2019i. Ae\u015ftia distrug definitiv \u0163itatea Callatis \u015fi chiro di 300 di an\u2019i nu mata \u015ftim \u0163iva di \u0163i fu aoa\u0163e. Nu mata apar surse arheologhi\u0163e. Apoia, pri-tru secolul 13, pi locul iu exista Callatisulu tru antichitate, apare tr\u00e2 prota oar\u00e2 denumirea di Pangalia, iara denumirea di Mangalia apare tr\u00e2 prota oar\u00e2 tru anulu 1593.\u201d<\/p>\n
\n
<\/p>\n
A\u015fi cum si fa\u0163e cu aproapea i\u0163e lucru \u00een istorie, di chiruta \u0163itate Callatis ar\u0103masir\u0103 ma\u015fi fragmente. Eale n\u0103 spun pu\u0163\u00e2ne dispre oamin\u2019il\u2019i \u0163i u au locuit\u0103, ama n\u0103 alas\u0103 s\u0103 n\u00e2 imaghin\u0103m c\u0103 alte secrete \u0163i va s\u00e2 si descopir\u0103 aoa\u0163ei va u fac\u0103 mai atractiv\u0103.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u00centr\u0103 secolile 8-6 \u00ee.e.n. si fea\u0163e fenomenulu pi care istori\u0163\u00e2l\u2019i a li antichitate lu denumir\u00e2 dreptu marea colonizare greac\u0103. Di-tru chentrile civiliza\u0163ionale a li veacl\u2019e Elad\u0103, coloni\u015ftil\u2019i si-au \u00eendriptat\u00e2 tru toate punctile cardinale \u015fi au fondat\u0103 a\u015fedz\u0103ri urbane aflate tru lig\u00e2turi comerciale, politi\u0163e \u015fi culturale cu \u0163it\u0103\u0163eile di orighine. Tru Amarea Neagr\u0103, gre\u0163\u00e2l\u2019i anti\u0163 au […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":127,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[48422],"tags":[],"coauthors":[],"class_list":["post-188576","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-pro-memoria-ro_ar"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n