Unirea a Moldov\u00e2lei cu Muntenia di pi 24 ianuarie 1859 \u015fidzu sum semnul a vrearil\u2019ei intern\u0103 ama \u015fi mai multu sum a\u0163el a conjunctur\u00e2lei interna\u021bional\u0103. Proiectul na\u021bional rom\u00e2nescu nu poate s\u0103 hib\u0103 mutrit \u00een afoara a minduiaril\u2019ei diznou ali Europ\u0103. Un\u0103 di explica\u021bii easte intrarea Dun\u0103ril\u2019ei, marile fluviu paneuropean, \u00een aten\u021bia a puterilor europeane, a Fran\u021b\u00e2lei mai ahoria \u0219i a Ghermaniilei. Maghistrala fluvial\u0103 a Europ\u00e2lei di la vestu c\u0103tr\u0103 estu fu reevaluat\u0103 \u00een imaghinarulu geografic \u0219i cultural. Dun\u0103rea lipsea s\u0103 hib\u0103 un fluviu a civiliza\u021bilei european\u0103 \u00een care democra\u021bia, libertatea \u0219i emanciparea a na\u021biun\u2019ilor di pi bit\u00e2rnul continentu s\u0103 domneasc\u0103 asupra a despotismului oriental. Ofensiva Occidentului tr\u00e2 eliberarea Dun\u0103ril\u2019ei avu ca efectu unirea di-tru 1859 \u0219i crearea a Rom\u00e2niilei.<\/p>\n
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Ama unirea Moldov\u00e2lei cu Muntenia, \u00een special formula v\u2019initoare di organizare a statului rom\u00e2n, rezult\u0103\u0103 dup\u0103 ni\u015fte v\u2019iie controverse. Istori\u0163\u00e2l\u2019ii spusir\u0103 c\u0103a actul di pi 24 ianuarie 1859 fu unulu dificil, cu dileme identitare persistente p\u00een\u0103 \u00een perioada interbelic\u0103. Istoriculu Adrian Ciofl\u00e2nc\u0103 afiirm\u0103 c\u0103 la bitisita a an\u2019ilor 1850 si aduna tru un loc doau\u0103 idei societale majore: \u201c\u00cen varliga anului 1859 si produ\u0163e convergen\u021ba a doau\u0103 teme di dezbatire: tema a modernizarilei \u0219i tema a unirilei, care, p\u00e2n\u0103 la revolu\u021bia di la 1848, circula independentu una di alant\u0103. P\u00een\u0103 la 1859, unirea nu \u00eensemna neap\u0103rat modernizare, iar modernizarea nu implica automat unirea. Dup\u0103 e\u0219eculu a revolu\u021bilei patrudz\u0103\u0163\u00e2optist\u0103\/pa\u0219optist\u0103, energhiile revolu\u021bionare si reinvestir\u0103 \u00eentr-un proiectu politic ca unirea, subordon\u00e2nda a lu\u015ftui proiectul modernizator. Aest proiectu na\u021bional c\u00e2ftaa ca unitatea politic\u0103 \u0219ia \u0163ea na\u021bional\u0103 s\u0103 hib\u0103 congruente. Unirea eara vidzut\u0103 ca panaceu tr\u00e2 toate problemile a societatil\u2019ei rom\u00e2neasc\u0103. Aest\u0103 investi\u021bie disperat\u0103 \u0219i supradimensionat\u0103 expliic\u0103 aderen\u021ba extins\u0103 pi care aest proiectu u are ob\u021b\u00e2nut\u0103 \u00een epoc\u0103, ama \u0219i dezamagirile\/ p\u00e2rerile di ar\u0103u \u0163i urmara. Unirea nu aduse automat un\u0103 \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bire a situa\u021bilei intern\u0103.\u201d<\/p>\n
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Unil\u2019i istori\u0163 consider\u0103 c\u0103 expansiunea \u021barist\u0103 c\u0103tr\u0103 sud-estul a Europ\u00e2lei, \u00eempreun\u0103 cu anexarea Moldov\u00e2lei dintr\u0103 Prut \u0219i Nistru di c\u0103tr\u0103 Rusia di-tru 1812, fu unulu di factoril\u2019i care fea\u0163ir\u0103 ca elitile moldoveane s\u0103 si minduiasc\u0103 tut cama serios la varianta unirilei cu Muntenia. Istoriculu Andrei Cu\u0219co di la Universitatea di Stat di Chi\u0219in\u0103u easte unulu dia \u0163el\u2019i care nu exclud a\u0163ea posibilitate: \u201dAlternativile eara multiple, a\u0163ea \u0163i si fea\u0163e fu ma\u015fi un\u0103 di alternativile posibile. Putem s\u0103 specul\u0103m, lu\u00e2nda \u00een calcul a\u0163eale alternative, \u0163i va s\u0103 si f`\u0163ea ma c\u0103 ru\u015fil\u2019i vrea u aib\u0103 anexat\u0103 \u00eentreaga Moldov\u0103? Nu easte exclus ca \u00eentregulu proiectu na\u0163ional rom\u00e2nescu s\u0103 nu si avea cristalizat\u0103 \u00een formula pi care o cunoa\u015ftim az\u0103. Easte pu\u0163\u00e2n probabil ca ru\u015fil\u2019i s\u0103 si avea d\u0103n\u0103sit\u0103 la Nistru, eara limita pi care deja o avea agiumt\u0103\/atins\u0103 tru 1792. Aest\u0103 versiune a evenimentilor cre\u0103 un\u0103 dilem\u0103 tr\u00e2 elite, mai pu\u0163\u00e2n tr\u00e2 popula\u0163ia din teritoriu. Di la 1812 \u00eenclo, restul a Moldov\u00e2l\u2019ei m\u2019earse \u00een direc\u0163ia unirilei cu Muntenia tamam ca un\u0103 contrapondere fa\u0163\u0103 di Rusia. V\u0103r\u0103 turlie, anexiunea di-tru 1812 aghon\u2019usi proiectul di unire a principatilor a Muntenil\u2019ei \u015fi Moldov\u00e2l\u2019ei, \u015fi di aestu punctu di videare avem un\u0103 consecin\u0163\u0103 pozitiv\u0103. Ama di punctul di videare a basarabean\u2019ilor sigura c\u0103 aest\u0103 versiune a desf\u0103\u015furaril\u2019ei a evenimentelor are creat\u0103 nale \u015fi dificile complica\u0163ii.\u201d<\/p>\n
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Cum urma s\u0103 hib\u0103 organizat v\u2019initorulu stat? Vrea eara zborulu di un\u0103 construc\u021bie chentralist\u0103, dup\u0103 model francez, sau una federal\u0103 sau confederal\u0103, dup\u0103 model gherman? Aeste \u00eentrib\u0103ri au frimintat\u0103 inten\u021biile a \u0163ilor care vrea unirea, de-un\u0103 parte \u0219i di alta a r\u00e2ului Milcov, \u0219i, \u00een final, amint\u0103\u0103 chentralismul. Adrian Ciofl\u00e2nc\u0103 dz\u00e2\u0163e: \u201cDup\u0103 1859, \u00een constituirea noului aranjamentu statal, si opt\u0103 di punctu di vedeare politico-administrativ tr\u00e2 un\u0103 formula radical chentralist\u0103. Di punctu di vedeare cultural, si m\u2019earse pi uniformizarea identitar\u0103. Ama chentralismul nu eara singura formul\u0103 organizatoric\u0103 la \u00eendem\u00een\u0103 la arhiusita a secolului al 19-lea. Separati\u0219til\u2019i opta tr\u00e2 un\u0103 confedera\u021bie, adic\u0103 tr\u00e2 un model statal \u0163i respecta identit\u0103\u021b\u00e2le \u0219i interesile reghionale. Interesantu easte ca proiectile confederative fur\u0103 fabricate \u0219i colportate \u00eentr-un\u0103 prim\u0103 faz\u0103 cama multu\/ cu pric\u0103deare \u00een mediile revolu\u021bionare, adepte mai t\u00e2rdziu a uniril\u2019ei. Federalismul eara un\u0103 vreare tra s\u0103 hib\u0103 scoase identit\u0103\u021b\u00e2le na\u021bionale estu-europeane di sum controlul a imperiilor \u0219i sa li organizeadz\u0103 ca nale formule politi\u0163e. \u00cen\u0103inte di 1859, au existat\u0103 \u00eendoi autori importan\u021b\u00e2 di a\u0219a-numite politograme\u201d, \u0163el\u2019i mai mul\u021b\u00e2 hiinda unioni\u0219ti, care formular\u0103 argumente \u00een favoarea a deschentralizaril\u2019ei administrativ\u0103. Pot s\u0103-l\u2019i men\u021bionedzu pi Mihail Kog\u0103lniceanu, Nicolae Su\u021bu, Ion Heliade R\u0103dulescu, Constantin Heraclide \u0219i, mai ahoria, Vasile Boerescu.\u201d<\/p>\n
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Ceale doau\u0103 t\u0103bure, unioni\u0219til\u2019i \u0219i federali\u0219til\u2019i denumi\u021b \u201dseparati\u0219ti\u201d, aruncara tru alumt\u0103 argumente puterni\u0163e tr\u00e2 opiniile a lor. \u00cen timp \u0163e unioni\u0219til\u2019i considera c\u0103 forma chentralizatoare va da coeren\u021b\u0103 \u0219i for\u021b\u0103 a v\u2019initorului stat, federali\u0219til\u2019i credea c\u0103 putearea era \u00een deschentralizare \u0163i reprezenta egalitatea anamisa di a\u0163eale doau\u0103 entit\u0103\u021b, Moldova \u0219i Muntenia, care avea format\u0103 statulu. Adrian Ciofl\u00e2nc\u0103 spuse: \u201cA\u0163eale doau\u0103 principate avea trecut\u0103 deja, catheun\u0103 \u00een parte, printr-un proces di chentralizare care culmin\u0103\u0103 cu Regulamentile organi\u0163e di-tru 1831-32. \u00cen momentul a uniril\u2019ei, cu experien\u021ba politico-administrativ\u0103 la \u00eendem\u00e2n\u0103, singura practic\u0103 cu v\u00e2r\u00e2 \u015fi ca tradi\u021bie eara legat\u0103 di chentralismu. Tema a modernizaril\u2019ei fea\u0163e ca nou-formata comunitate s\u0103 hib\u0103 conceput\u0103 pi fondul a elipsl\u2019ei di dezbateri politi\u0163e profunde mutrinda organizarea intern\u0103 a statului. A treaia oar\u0103 spus easte zborulu di presiun\u2019ile \u0219i fuvisrisirile externe. Ac\u021biun\u2019ile chentralizatoare \u0163eale mai importante din timpul ali domnil\u2019e a lu Alexandru Ioan Cuza si suprapun a \u0163ilor tr\u00e2 recunoa\u0219terea interna\u021bional\u0103 a uniril\u2019ei.\u201d<\/p>\n
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Pi 5 \u0219i 24 ianuarie 1859, la Ia\u0219i \u0219i Bucure\u0219ti, Alexandru Ioan Cuza eara aleptu domnu a Moldov\u00e2lei \u0219i Muntenil\u2019ei. Fu arhiusita a a\u0163ea \u0163i poate s\u0103 si vead\u0103 az\u0103. (\u015et.B)<\/p>\n
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Autor: Steliu Lambru<\/p>\n
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Arm\u00e2nipsire: Hristu Steriu<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Unirea a Moldov\u00e2lei cu Muntenia di pi 24 ianuarie 1859 \u015fidzu sum semnul a vrearil\u2019ei intern\u0103 ama \u015fi mai multu sum a\u0163el a conjunctur\u00e2lei interna\u021bional\u0103. Proiectul na\u021bional rom\u00e2nescu nu poate s\u0103 hib\u0103 mutrit \u00een afoara a minduiaril\u2019ei diznou ali Europ\u0103. Un\u0103 di explica\u021bii easte intrarea Dun\u0103ril\u2019ei, marile fluviu paneuropean, \u00een aten\u021bia a puterilor europeane, a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":127,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[48422],"tags":[],"coauthors":[],"class_list":["post-188811","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-pro-memoria-ro_ar"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n