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\u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u041a\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0446\u044b \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438<\/strong><strong> \u0444\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0443\u0437\u0441\u043a<\/strong><strong>\u043e\u0439<\/strong><strong> \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d<\/strong><strong>\u044b <\/strong><strong>\u0438 \u0430\u0434\u0430\u043f\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c <\/strong><strong>\u0438\u0445<\/strong><strong> \u043a \u0441\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432 <\/strong><strong>\u0420\u0443\u043c\u044b\u043d\u0438\u0438<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>\u0415\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0438<\/strong> <strong>\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439, \u0442\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043b\u044b\u0439<\/strong><strong> \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b<\/strong><strong>: \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u0435\u0435 <\/strong><strong>\u0441\u0435\u043c\u044c<\/strong><strong>\u0438 \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u0410\u0440\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0448\u0430 <\/strong><strong>\u0441\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043b<\/strong><strong>\u043e \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f <\/strong><strong>\u043d\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0446\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u043a\u043a\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0446\u0438<\/strong><strong>\u0438. \u041d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441 1920 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0435\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435-\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f<\/strong><strong>,<\/strong><strong> \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430, \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0432<\/strong><strong> \u0444\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0435\u0440<\/strong><strong>\u0430<\/strong><strong>, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b <\/strong><strong>\u0435\u0435 <\/strong><strong>\u0441<\/strong><strong>\u0435\u043c\u044c\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0441\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e \u0431\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>\u0417\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e<\/strong><strong> \u043c\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d<\/strong><strong>\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0439 \u044d\u043f\u043e\u0445\u0438<\/strong><strong> \u0440\u0443\u043c\u044b\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0446\u0438\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, <\/strong><strong>\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c <\/strong><strong>\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u043d\u0438<\/strong><strong>\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432<\/strong><strong>, <\/strong><strong>\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043c\u0438\u0440, \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u043c\u044c\u044f\u043c\u0438,<\/strong> <strong>\u043a\u0430\u043a \u0443 \u0410\u043d\u043d\u044b \u041b\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438<\/strong><strong>, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0436\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 <\/strong><strong>\u0441\u0435\u043c\u044c\u0438, <\/strong><strong>\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f<\/strong><strong> \u0432\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433<\/strong><strong> \u043d\u0438\u0445<\/strong><strong>. \u041d\u043e \u0442\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e<\/strong><strong> \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u0442\u0430\u043a <\/strong><strong>\u044d\u0442<\/strong><strong>\u0430<\/strong><strong> \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0442\u0443 <\/strong><strong>\u0432 <\/strong><strong>\u043b\u044e\u0434<\/strong><strong>\u044f\u0445<\/strong><strong> \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0447\u0430\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f <\/strong><strong>\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c<\/strong><strong>, \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0442\u043e <\/strong><strong>\u043d\u0435 \u043e\u043d\u043e<\/strong> <strong>\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f<\/strong><strong> \u0441\u0443\u0442\u044c<\/strong><strong>\u044e<\/strong><strong> \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430 <\/strong><strong>\u0432 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043c<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><strong>\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#13;<br \/>\n&#13;<\/p>\n<p>&#13;<br \/>\n&#13;<\/p>\n<p>\u0425\u043e\u0442\u044f \u0432 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0410\u043d\u043d\u0430 \u041a\u0440\u0435\u0446\u0443\u043b\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443-\u041b\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0439, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0436\u0438\u043b\u0430, \u0410\u043d\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435 \u0432 \u0442\u043e \u0436\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u044d\u043a\u0441\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439-\u0442\u043e \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0443 \u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0438\u0437 \u0435\u0451 \u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0439, \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043a \u0438 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0447\u0438\u043a, \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044b \u0432 \u0440\u044b\u0436\u0438\u0439 \u0446\u0432\u0435\u0442. \u0412 \u0434\u0435\u0432\u044f\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u044b XIX \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0447\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u044b \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c, \u0438\u0431\u043e \u0432 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0446\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430, \u0438 \u0410\u043d\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u043e\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0438, \u043d\u043e \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u044c \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0435 \u043e \u0435\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0435, \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0418\u043e\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u041f\u044b\u0440\u0432\u0443\u043b\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u043c \u0435\u0449\u0451 \u043e \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u0438\u0437 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0438, \u0434\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u044d\u043f\u043e\u0445\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0410\u043d\u043d\u0435 \u041a\u0440\u0435\u0446\u0443\u043b\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443-\u041b\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438, \u044d\u043f\u043e\u0445\u0438, \u043e \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0445: <strong><\/strong><strong>\u0412<\/strong><strong> 1889 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 <\/strong><strong>\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u043b\u0438 <\/strong><strong>\u042d\u0439\u0444\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0432<\/strong><strong>\u0443<\/strong><strong> \u0431\u0430\u0448\u043d<\/strong><strong>\u044e<\/strong><strong>, \u043a\u0442\u043e-\u0442\u043e<\/strong><strong>,<\/strong><strong> \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443<\/strong><strong>\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0441\u044c <\/strong><strong>\u0438\u0437 \u041f\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0436\u0430<\/strong><strong>,<\/strong><strong> \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0437 <\/strong><strong>\u0435\u0439 <\/strong><strong>\u043d\u0435\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448<\/strong><strong>\u0443\u044e<\/strong><strong> \u042d\u0439\u0444\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0443 \u0431\u0430\u0448\u043d\u044e, <\/strong><strong>\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0436\u0435, <\/strong><strong>\u043a\u0430\u043a <\/strong><strong>\u0438 <\/strong><strong>\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432. \u042f \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430<\/strong><strong>\u043b\u0430, \u0447\u0442\u043e<\/strong><strong> \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043c\u0435\u0442<\/strong><strong>\u044b<\/strong><strong> \u043a\u0438\u0442\u0447\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430<\/strong><strong>\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c <\/strong><strong>\u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e <\/strong><strong>\u0441 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0431\u0430\u0448\u043d\u0438<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>\u0418 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c, <\/strong><strong>\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e<\/strong><strong> \u0442\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0435\u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0443\u0448\u043d\u043e\u043c <\/strong><strong>\u0448\u0430\u0440<\/strong><strong>\u0435<\/strong><strong>. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0432 1893 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0438 <\/strong><strong>\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0435\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0433\u0430\u043b\u043e<\/strong><strong>. \u041d\u043e \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0435\u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0438\u043b<\/strong><strong>\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0431\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e<\/strong><strong>. \u041e\u043f\u0438\u0441<\/strong><strong>\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u043d\u0430 <\/strong><strong>\u0438 <\/strong><strong>\u0442\u0435 <\/strong><strong>\u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434<\/strong><strong>\u0430<\/strong><strong>, <\/strong><strong>\u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430<\/strong><strong>, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0421\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433, \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434, \u0433\u0434\u0435<\/strong><strong>, \u043a\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438, \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u043c \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0438\u043c \u043c\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043c, \u0437\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0443\u0436<\/strong> <strong>\u0432<\/strong><strong> 16 \u043b\u0435\u0442, \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0421\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0431\u0443\u043b, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439<\/strong><strong> \u0432 \u0435\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0438\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f<\/strong><strong> \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0430. <\/strong><strong>\u0418<\/strong> <strong>\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0435 <\/strong><strong>\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043b<\/strong><strong>\u0430<\/strong><strong> \u0410\u043d\u043d\u0430 \u041a\u0440\u0435\u0446\u0443\u043b\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443-\u041b\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0411\u0443\u0445\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442.<\/strong><strong>\u201d<\/strong> <\/p>\n<p>&#13;<br \/>\n&#13;<\/p>\n<p>&#13;<br \/>\n&#13;<\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 1947 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0420\u0443\u043c\u044b\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u0410\u043d\u043d\u0435 \u041a\u0440\u0435\u0446\u0443\u043b\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443-\u041b\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u0447\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043c \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0431\u043e\u044f\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f: \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f, \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f, \u0431\u0435\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c. \u0418 \u0432\u0441\u0451 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u043d\u0430 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